{"id":162651,"date":"2016-03-05T09:52:57","date_gmt":"2016-03-05T09:52:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/protokolhukuk.com\/6098-sayili-turk-borclar-kanunu-ile-854-sayili-deniz-is-kanunu-arasindaki-iliski-2\/"},"modified":"2016-03-05T09:52:57","modified_gmt":"2016-03-05T09:52:57","slug":"6098-sayili-turk-borclar-kanunu-ile-854-sayili-deniz-is-kanunu-arasindaki-iliski-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/protokolhukuk.com\/en\/6098-sayili-turk-borclar-kanunu-ile-854-sayili-deniz-is-kanunu-arasindaki-iliski-2\/","title":{"rendered":"6098 Say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu ile 854 Say\u0131l\u0131 Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu Aras\u0131ndaki \u0130li\u015fki"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"162651\" class=\"elementor elementor-162651 elementor-55458\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-834e74a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default exad-glass-effect-no exad-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"834e74a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-16f4e59 exad-glass-effect-no exad-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"16f4e59\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0d92cd exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e0d92cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 05-08-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>PR \u2013 M \u2013 004<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f46cb69 exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f46cb69\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>1954\u2019te ilk defa d\u00fczenlenerek \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019ndan ayr\u0131lan Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu 1967\u2019de 854 say\u0131l\u0131 yasan\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesiyle mevcut kanunumuz halini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1967\u2019den bug\u00fcne sadece 4 kez ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fiklikler ya\u015fayan Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu bug\u00fcn\u00fcn ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layamamaktad\u0131r. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra 2012\u2019de y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren Bor\u00e7lar Kanunumuz 2003\u2019te giren \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019ndan da ileri d\u00fczenlemeler getirerek klasik hizmet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin \u00f6tesinde \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nda bulunmayan baz\u0131 yeni h\u00fck\u00fcmler de getirmi\u015ftir.(cezai \u015fart, ibraname, haks\u0131z fesih tazminat\u0131\u2026) Bu haliyle Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu, \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019na g\u00f6re \u00f6zel kanun durumunda olup; \u0130\u015f Kanunu ise Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019na g\u00f6re \u00f6zel kanun niteli\u011findedir. Ayr\u0131ca 2012\u2019de y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu getirdi\u011fi d\u00fczenlemeler itibariyle hem \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun hem de Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun ilerisinde bir kanun olabilmi\u015ftir. Hakeza daha \u00f6nce norm \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 anlat\u0131l\u0131rken de\u011finildi\u011fi gibi bir kanun di\u011fer kanuna g\u00f6re genel kanun niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131na ra\u011fmen genel kanun i\u00e7erisinde \u00f6zel kanundaki norma nazaran daha \u00f6zel norm da bulunabilmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Yarg\u0131tay 1967 tarihli bir karar\u0131nda<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\"><span>[1]<\/span><\/a> \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun ana kanun niteli\u011finde oldu\u011funu ve Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nda h\u00fck\u00fcm bulunmayan hallerde \u0130\u015f Kanunu h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygulanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmi\u015ftir. \u201c4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun da \u00f6zel kanun oldu\u011fu, genel kanunun Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu oldu\u011fu kabul edildi\u011finde ise, Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nda h\u00fck\u00fcm bulunmayan hallerde, Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygulanmas\u0131 gerekecektir.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><span>[2]<\/span><\/a> \u201cKanunun ne lafz\u0131na, ne de onun yorum yolu ile elde edilen i\u00e7eri\u011fine olumlu veya olumsuz herhangi bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm getiren kurala rastlanmazsa bu durumda a\u00e7\u0131k bo\u015fluk vard\u0131r. A\u00e7\u0131k bo\u015fluk, d\u00fczenlemenin amac\u0131na ve temel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerine g\u00f6re cevap verilmesi gereken bir soruna kanunun cevap vermemesidir.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\"><span>[3]<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Deniz i\u015f Kanun\u2019da h\u00fck\u00fcm bulunmayan hallerde yani a\u00e7\u0131k bo\u015fluk bulunan durumlarda Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019nun uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131labilmektedir. Hatta Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu ile \u0130\u015f Kanunu ve \u0130\u015f Kanunu ile Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu aras\u0131ndaki genel-\u00f6zel kanun ili\u015fkisinden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu ile Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu aras\u0131nda genel kanun- \u00f6zel kanun ili\u015fkisi kurulabilmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u0130\u015f Kanunu m.4:<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201c<strong>\u0130stisnalar<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>MADDE 4.-<\/em><\/strong><em>&nbsp;A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da belirtilen i\u015flerde ve i\u015f ili\u015fkilerinde bu Kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulanmaz;<\/em><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><em> <\/em><em>Deniz ve hava ta\u015f\u0131ma i\u015flerinde,<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><em>\u2026<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u0131) 507 say\u0131l\u0131 Esnaf ve Sanatk\u00e2rlar Kanununun 2 nci maddesinin tarifine uygun \u00fc\u00e7 ki\u015finin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fyerlerinde.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u015eu kadar ki;<\/em><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><em>a) K\u0131y\u0131larda veya liman ve iskelelerde gemilerden karaya ve karadan gemilere yap\u0131lan y\u00fckleme ve bo\u015faltma i\u015fleri\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>h\u00fckm\u00fc ile Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019nun gerek\u00e7esinde yer alan \u201cHizmet s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri 4857 Say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan i\u015f\u00e7ileri kapsamaktad\u0131r.\u201d ibaresi \u0130\u015f Kanunu 4. Madde ile birlikte ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ilgili konularda zaten Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu ile Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu aras\u0131ndaki bu ili\u015fkinin nas\u0131l kuruldu\u011funu ve uygulaman\u0131n nas\u0131l olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan as\u0131l sorun iki kanun aras\u0131nda \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma bulundu\u011fu durumlarda bu \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n nas\u0131l \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenece\u011fi sorunudur. Yukar\u0131da da belirtildi\u011fi gibi Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu \u0130\u015f Kanunu kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan b\u00fct\u00fcn i\u015f\u00e7ileri kapsayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 gerek\u00e7esinde bildirmi\u015ftir. \u00c7at\u0131\u015fma sorunu lex posterior (sonraki kural) yahut lex specialis(\u00f6zel kural) ilkelerine g\u00f6re \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Her ne kadar doktrin ve yarg\u0131 mercileri her hal\u00fckarda \u00f6zel kural ilkesine dayanarak \u00f6zel kanunun uygulanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunsalar da bize g\u00f6re kanun koyucunun amac\u0131na uygun olarak (ama\u00e7sal ve sistematik yorum y\u00f6ntemleri kullan\u0131larak) sonraki kural ya da \u00f6zel kural ilkelerinin se\u00e7ilerek \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019na g\u00f6re \u00f6zel kanun niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131maktayken, Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanuna g\u00f6re sonraki kanundur. Keza Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu Madde 48 \u2013 \u201c<em>Bu kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmleri, gemiadam\u0131na daha elveri\u015fli hak ve menfaatler sa\u011flayan kanun, toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, hizmet akti, \u00f6rf ve adetlerden do\u011fan haklara halel getirmez. Bu kanunun uygulanmas\u0131 sonucu olarak i\u015fverene d\u00fc\u015fen y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler, gemiadamlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fccret vesair haklar\u0131n\u0131n daha a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 hadlere indirilmesine sebep tutulamaz\u201d <\/em>demektedir. Bu a\u00e7\u0131klamalar \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda BK m.402 ile D\u0130K m. 28\/2\u2019deki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong> <\/strong><strong>6098 Say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu 402. Madde ile 854 Say\u0131l\u0131 Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu 28\/2 Maddesinin Uygulanmas\u0131<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu m.28:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Fazla Saatlerle \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma: <\/em><\/p>\n<p>Bu kanuna g\u00f6re tespit edilmi\u015f bulunan i\u015f s\u00fcrelerinin a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, fazla saatlerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma say\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Yap\u0131lacak fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n her saatine \u00f6denecek \u00fccret normal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00fccretinin saat ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen miktar\u0131 <strong>% 25 oran\u0131nda art\u0131r\u0131lmak suretiyle bulunacak miktardan az olamaz.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu m.402:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><em> Fazla \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u00dccreti:<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;\u0130\u015fveren, fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7in i\u015f\u00e7iye normal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00fccretini <strong>en az y\u00fczde elli fazlas\u0131yla \u00f6demekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u015fveren, i\u015f\u00e7inin r\u0131zas\u0131yla fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00fccreti yerine, uygun bir zamanda fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayla orant\u0131l\u0131 olarak izin verebilir<\/p>\n<p>G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu m.402\/1 ile Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu m.28\/2 fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00fccretinin d\u00fczenlenmesi ile ilgili iki ayr\u0131 d\u00fczenleme getirmi\u015ftir. BK %50 fazlas\u0131ndan az olmamak \u00fczere fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00fccretinin i\u015fverence \u00f6denmesini d\u00fczenlemekteyken, D\u0130K %25 fazlas\u0131nda az olmamak \u00fczere \u00fccret \u00f6denmesini d\u00fczenlenmektedir. Sorunu ilk olarak lex specialis ilkesine g\u00f6re \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019na g\u00f6re \u00f6zel kanun olmas\u0131 keza ilgili normun genel hizmet s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinin \u00f6tesinde Deniz \u0130\u015f S\u00f6zle\u015fmelerine ili\u015fkin d\u00fczenleme getirmesi sebebiyle \u00f6zel norm halinin mevcut olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanun\u2019daki h\u00fckm\u00fcn uygulanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6ylememiz gerekmektedir. Her ne kadar m.48\u2019de gemiadam\u0131 lehine olan d\u00fczenlemenin D\u0130K\u2019teki d\u00fczenlemeden \u00f6nce uygulanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylesek de 1967\u2019de yap\u0131lan bu d\u00fczenlemenin 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren genel kanunu ne kadar kapsayaca\u011f\u0131 da yani kanun koyucunun amac\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131l\u0131p a\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. 48.maddeyi d\u00fczenlerken kanun koyucunun amac\u0131n\u0131n mevcut hali haz\u0131rdaki d\u00fczenlemeler olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Sorunu lex posterior ilkesine g\u00f6re \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda zaten \u00f6zel-genel ili\u015fkisine bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019nun genel kanun olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen sonraki tarihli kanun olmas\u0131 hasebiyle Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu m.48 ilkesinin uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Yukar\u0131da da belirtildi\u011fi gibi genel norm-\u00f6zel norm kural\u0131n\u0131n yahut \u00f6nceki norm-sonraki norm ili\u015fkisiyle normlar \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmesine dogmatik bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n \u00f6tesinde kanun koyucunun amac\u0131na ve di\u011fer yorum y\u00f6ntemleriyle de ba\u011fda\u015f\u0131k bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla sorun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmelidir. Burada kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za ilk \u00e7\u0131kan Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu gerek\u00e7esinde yer alan \u0130\u015f Kanunu d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yer kalan hizmet s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerine ili\u015fkin Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygulanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Esas\u0131nda kanun koyucu gerek\u00e7ede de belirtti\u011fi gibi Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019nu \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131rken genel olarak Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu gibi bir\u00e7ok eskimi\u015f ve zaman\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131na cevap vermeyen kanunlar\u0131n d\u00fczenlemelerini de i\u00e7erisine alarak hukuki kurum ve uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleme amac\u0131 g\u00fctm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\"><span>[4]<\/span><\/a> Yani Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu bug\u00fcn\u00fcn \u015fartlar\u0131na uygun hale getirilmek \u00fczere yeniden d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Bu minvalde kanun koyucu \u00f6zellikle zay\u0131f olan s\u00f6zle\u015fme taraflar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin baz\u0131 emredici kurallar koyarak zay\u0131f olan\u0131n korunmas\u0131 yoluna gitmi\u015f, bunu da gerek\u00e7esinde bildirmi\u015ftir. B\u00f6ylece Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019nun gerek\u00e7esinden yola \u00e7\u0131karak ve Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun zaman\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layamayan bir kanun olmas\u0131, mevcut Bor\u00e7lar Kanunumuzun daha ileri nitelikte d\u00fczenlemeler i\u00e7ermesi itibariyle sonraki kanun ilkesinin(lex posterior) uygulanarak ilgili \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmada BK m. 402 h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygulanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi sonucuna var\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Burada Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu m.48 bize gemiadamlar\u0131n\u0131n daha menfaatine bir durum olu\u015fturan toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi gibi d\u00fczenlemelerle fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00fccretinin belirlenmesi oran\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n yolunu da a\u00e7maktad\u0131r.<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\"><span>[5]<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong> <\/strong><strong>Sonu\u00e7: <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>1954 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019ndan ayr\u0131lan ve en son 1967\u2019de y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe konan Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu Yarg\u0131tay kararlar\u0131nda da belirtildi\u011fi gibi \u00f6zel kanun niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. \u0130\u015f Kanunun ise doktrince kabul edildi\u011fi \u00fczere Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019na g\u00f6re \u00f6zel kanun niteli\u011finde oldu\u011fu ve \u00f6zel kanunlarda h\u00fck\u00fcm bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hallerde genel kanunun uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 bu durumda a\u00e7\u0131k bo\u015fluk bulunan hallerde Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019nun uygulanaca\u011f\u0131, \u0130\u015f Kanunu ile Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiden m\u00fctevellit Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nda d\u00fczenlenen ili\u015fkiler \u00fczerinde de Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Yani Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu ile Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu aras\u0131nda genel kanun \u00f6zel kanun ili\u015fkisi kurulmaktad\u0131r. Her iki kanun aras\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kan norm \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda ise lex posterior(sonraki kanun) ve lex specialis(\u00f6zel kanun) ilkelerinin uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesinde hangi ilkenin se\u00e7ilece\u011fine ili\u015fkin kanun koyucunun amac\u0131na uygun ve sistematik yoruma uygun hareket edilerek ilkeye ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131 gereklidir. \u0130lgili norm \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda (BK m.402\/1 ile D\u0130K m.28\/2) sonraki kanun ilkesinin ele al\u0131narak \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmesi gerekti\u011fi ama\u00e7sal yorum metodundan elde edilmektedir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>2016<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong><em>Mesut \u00d6ZDEM\u0130R<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>Avukat\/Kurucu<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong> <\/strong><strong>Kaynak\u00e7a:<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>KAR, Bekta\u015f 6098 Say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019nun 854 Say\u0131l\u0131 Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019na Etkisi, \u0130\u00dcHFM, c. LXXII, s.2, s.167-176, 2014<\/li>\n<li>KIRCA, \u00c7i\u011fdem, \u00d6rt\u00fcl\u00fc Bo\u015fluk ve Bu Bo\u015flu\u011fun Doldurulmas\u0131 Y\u00f6ntemi Olarak Amaca Uygun S\u0131n\u0131rlama, Ankara Hukuk Fak\u00fcltesi Dergisi, s.1, sf. 91-119, 2007<\/li>\n<li>TBMM, T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu Tasar\u0131s\u0131 ve Adalet Komisyonu Raporu, D\u00f6nem 23, Yasama Y\u0131l\u0131 3, S. Say\u0131s\u0131: 321, 22.01.2008<\/li>\n<li>Yarg\u0131tay 9.HD, E. 4311, K.377, 04.05.1967<\/li>\n<\/ul><div><br><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><span>[1]<\/span><\/a> Yarg\u0131tay 9.HD, E. 4311, K.377, 04.05.1967<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\"><span>[2]<\/span><\/a> Kar, Bekta\u015f, 6098 Say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019nun 854 Say\u0131l\u0131 Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019na Etkisi, \u0130\u00dcHFM, c. LXXII, s.2, s.168, 2014<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\"><span>[3]<\/span><\/a> K\u0131rca, \u00c7i\u011fdem, \u00d6rt\u00fcl\u00fc Bo\u015fluk ve Bu Bo\u015flu\u011fun Doldurulmas\u0131 Y\u00f6ntemi Olarak Amaca Uygun S\u0131n\u0131rlama, Ankara Hukuk Fak\u00fcltesi Dergisi, s.1, sf. 94, 2007<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\"><span>[4]<\/span><\/a> TBMM, T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu Tasar\u0131s\u0131 ve Adalet Komisyonu Raporu, D\u00f6nem 23, Yasama Y\u0131l\u0131 3, S. Say\u0131s\u0131: 321, 22.01.2008<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\"><span>[5]<\/span><\/a> Kar, Bekta\u015f, a.g.e. s. 173<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PR \u2013 M \u2013 004 1954\u2019te ilk defa d\u00fczenlenerek \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019ndan ayr\u0131lan Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu 1967\u2019de 854 say\u0131l\u0131 yasan\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesiyle mevcut kanunumuz halini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1967\u2019den bug\u00fcne sadece 4 kez ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fiklikler ya\u015fayan Deniz \u0130\u015f Kanunu bug\u00fcn\u00fcn ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layamamaktad\u0131r. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra 2012\u2019de y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren Bor\u00e7lar Kanunumuz 2003\u2019te giren \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019ndan da ileri d\u00fczenlemeler [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":77936,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ub_ctt_via":"","_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[322,323],"tags":[324],"class_list":["post-162651","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles-en-3","category-makaleler-en","tag-etiket-en-2"],"aioseo_notices":[],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/protokolhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/MAKALELER.png","author_info":{"display_name":"Mesut \u00d6ZDEM\u0130R","author_link":"https:\/\/protokolhukuk.com\/en\/author\/mesutozdemir\/"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/protokolhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/162651","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/protokolhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/protokolhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/protokolhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/protokolhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=162651"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/protokolhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/162651\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/protokolhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/77936"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/protokolhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=162651"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/protokolhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=162651"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/protokolhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=162651"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}